Cats are sensitive animals and can be subject to various allergies that can cause unpleasant symptoms and alter their quality of life. As with humans, feline allergies are reactions caused by the body's excess defenses against substances theoretically able to tolerate.
Let's discover the different types of allergies in cats, their symptoms, causes and possible treatments.
Different types of allergies in cats
It is important to note that there are different types of allergies in cats, each with different causes and symptoms. Generally, there are 4 main categories of allergies.
1 Food allergies. This is one of the most common types of feline allergies. Cats can be allergic to any type of food, but the most common allergens are beef, fish, dairy products, and grains. Symptoms of a food allergy in cats can include vomiting, diarrhea, itching, and weight loss. Fortunately, they are easily treatable by eliminating the allergenic food from the pet's diet.
2 Contact allergies are caused by contact with irritants such as carpet cleaners, blankets, shampoos, or cosmetics. Symptoms may include itching, rashes, and skin infections. The key is to identify the allergen and eliminate it from the animal's environment.
3 Respiratory allergies can be caused by allergens such as dust, mites, pollen or cigarette smoke. They are usually identified by sneezing, itching, coughing and shortness of breath.
4 Flea bite allergies are the last common form of allergy in cats. They are actually caused by the saliva of fleas when they bite the cat's skin. They cause itching, redness, rashes, and skin infections.
In any case, it is good to know that some cats can suffer from different types of allergies at the same time. It is therefore important to monitor the cat's symptoms and consult the vet for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment if an allergy is suspected.
Symptoms of Cat Allergies
Allergy symptoms in cats can be very different and vary depending on the type of allergy and the severity of the reaction. In fact, cats often present clinical signs that are different from those of dogs or humans, sometimes making diagnosis more difficult. It is therefore necessary to pay particular attention to unusual behaviors.
Itching
Itching is one of the most common symptoms of allergies in cats. Cats may frequently scratch, bite, or lick their skin and hair to relieve irritation. This can lead to skin lesions such as scabs, sores, or bare skin. Cats may also scratch their faces or ears, causing abrasions and irritation.
Likewise, the animal's skin may be red, with areas of bare skin or lesions. Allergic dermatitis can affect any part of the cat's body, but is often localized to the neck, head, ears, and base of the tail.
Respiratory difficulties
Sneezing and a runny nose are common symptoms in cats suffering from respiratory allergies. Your cat or kitten may also exhibit flu-like symptoms, such as a dry cough and shortness of breath. Asthma attacks should also alert you.
Gastrointestinal problems
Food allergies can cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting and diarrhea. The cat may also lose weight and lose appetite. These allergies are difficult to diagnose because the gastrointestinal symptoms can also be caused by other diseases.
It is also important to note that allergy symptoms in cats can be exacerbated by secondary infections, such as bacterial or fungal skin infections, which can occur when the skin is constantly irritated by itching. Early diagnosis and treatment are therefore essential to avoid complications.
Causes of allergies in cats
The study of the causes of allergies in cats is still an evolving area of research, but some clues have been put forward by veterinary specialists. Allergies may be linked to a genetic predisposition. Research has also shown that some breeds of cats, such as Siamese or Persian, are more likely to develop allergies than others.
In addition to genetic factors, excessive exposure to allergens is also a key factor in the development of feline allergies. The most common are dust, dust mites, pollen, mold, and cigarette smoke. Our living companions are exposed to these allergens in the home environment, but also outside, for animals accustomed to going out.
In addition, an inadequate or poorly balanced diet can weaken the cat's immune system, making it more susceptible to developing allergies. Processed foods containing artificial colors, preservatives, or flavors can be an additional risk factor.
Finally, skin diseases, whether bacterial or fungal, can make your cat's skin more sensitive to allergens. Irritant or toxic chemicals in the environment can also contribute to the development of allergies by affecting the skin and the immune system.
Of course, the causes of allergies in cats vary from one animal to another. Veterinary specialists recommend consulting a doctor as soon as the first symptoms of allergy appear, so that the exact cause can be quickly determined and appropriate treatment can be initiated.
Treatments for Cat Allergies
Treatment for cat allergies depends on the type and severity of the allergy. Here are some common treatment options:
Antihistamines: These medications can help relieve mild to moderate allergy symptoms, such as itching and sneezing.
Corticosteroids: These anti-inflammatory medications can be given orally, by injection, or topically to treat more severe allergies.
Immunotherapy: Also known as desensitization, this involves gradually administering a small amount of the allergen to help the cat develop tolerance.
Hypoallergenic diets: These dietary adjustments may help reduce allergic reactions in some cats.
Topical treatments: Shampoos and sprays can help reduce skin allergy symptoms.
Environmental Management: In some cases, the best way to treat allergies in cats is to limit their exposure to the allergen in question. This may involve dietary changes, the use of air filters, or other measures to reduce the presence of the allergen in the cat's environment.
Fresh medicinal plants: their clinically proven effectiveness allows us to act quickly and daily to improve the quality of life of our little companions.
Cat Allergies: Finding the Cause to Treat Them Properly
As you can see, it is important to consult a veterinarian if you suspect your cat has allergies. The veterinarian can then perform tests to determine the responsible allergen and recommend the most appropriate treatment for your cat. The veterinarian will also monitor the general health of the animal to ensure that the allergies do not cause other complications, such as ear infections or respiratory problems.